He ʻoiaʻiʻo anei nā kīʻaha PLA he mea aloha i ke kaiapuni? ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma hope o nā koi hoʻopili compostable

Koho ʻoe i nā kīʻaha PLA no ka mea he ʻano hoʻomau ko lākou, kani pono, a kūlike me ke kūpaʻa o kāu brand i ka honua. Akā pehea inā ʻaʻole kēlā lepili "ʻōmaʻomaʻo" ke ʻano o nā hopena ʻōmaʻomaʻo?

I ka huli ʻana o nā ʻoihana hou aku i nā mea hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me nā mea palaho i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hoʻonā hoʻopili hoʻomau, ke ʻike nei ka poʻe he nui i kahi ʻoiaʻiʻo hopohopo: ʻo nā huahana e like me ke aloha i ke kaiapuni ma ka papa e hāʻawi pinepine ʻole i nā pono kūlohelohe maoli ma hope o ka hoʻolei ʻana.

Hoʻolaha nui ʻia nā kīʻaha PLA (polylactic acid) ma ke ʻano he koho ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka palaki kuʻuna—akā, ʻo ko lākou hopena maoli i ke kaiapuni, ʻaʻole ia e pili i ka mea i hana ʻia ai lākou, akā, i ka mea e hana ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻolei ʻia ʻana.

1. Pehea e hana ʻia ai nā kīʻaha PLA a no ke aha lākou e like ai me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Hoʻomaka ka PLA, a i ʻole ka waikawa polylactic, ma ke ʻano he bioplastic i loaʻa mai nā kō mea kanu i hoʻoulu ʻia, ʻo ka mea maʻamau mai ka palaoa kulina a i ʻole ke kō. Hāʻawi kēia kumu hou iNā kīʻaha PLAko lākou hoʻopiʻi "ʻōmaʻomaʻo", ʻoiai lākou e pale aku ai i ka hilinaʻi pololei ʻana i nā mea hānai i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka petroleum i hoʻohana ʻia i nā plastics maʻamau e like me PET a i ʻole PP.

1.1. Ke kumu o ka PLA mai nā mea kanu

ʻO PLA ke kū nei no ka polylactic acid, kahi ʻano palaki i hana ʻia mai nā kō mea kanu ma mua o ka ʻaila. ʻO nā mea maka maʻamau ka palaoa kulina mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ke kō mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Hoʻoulu nā mahiʻai i kēia mau mea kanu, ʻohi iā lākou, a hoʻouna i ka palaoa a i ʻole ke kō i nā hale hana. Ma laila, hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka mea e ka bacteria e hana i ka waikawa lactic. A laila hoʻopili ʻia kēia waikawa lactic me ke kemika e hana i nā kaulahao lōʻihi i kapa ʻia ʻo PLA resin. No ka mea, ʻo ke kumu hoʻomaka he mau mea kanu e ulu ana i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo PLA he mea hou ma kahi o ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā wahie fossil palena. ʻO kēia kumu hou kekahi o nā kumu nui i kapa ai nā hui i nā kīʻaha PLA he eco-friendly.

1.2. Ka Hoʻohana Haʻahaʻa ʻana i ka Wahie Fossil i ka Hana ʻana

Hoʻomaka pinepine ka hana ʻana i nā kīʻaha plastik maʻamau me ka ʻeli ʻana no ka ʻaila, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nui o ka ikehu mai nā wahie fossil. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, hoʻohana ka hana PLA i ka ikehu ʻaila liʻiliʻi loa no ka mea ʻo ka mea nui mai nā mea kanu. Hōʻike pinepine nā haʻawina e nānā ana i ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa (i kapa ʻia he loiloi pōʻaiapuni ola) e hana ana ka PLA i 50% a 65% emi iho ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka wā o ka hana ʻana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka plastik PET. Hoʻopili pū nā mea kanu i ulu no PLA i ke kalapona ʻokikene i ko lākou ulu ʻana, kahi e kōkua ai i ka hoʻopau ʻana i kekahi o nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma hope. ʻO kēia hui pū ʻana o nā mea hānai hou a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu fossil haʻahaʻa e hāʻawi iā PLA i kona kiʻi "ʻōmaʻomaʻo" ikaika i nā mea kūʻai aku.

2. Ka ʻŌlelo Hoʻohiki Nui: Biodegradability a me Compostability

ʻO kekahi o nā kumu kūʻai nui o nā kīʻaha PLA, ʻo ia ke kūʻai ʻia aku nei lākou he mau kīʻaha compostable. Eia nō naʻe, hilinaʻi nui ka compostability i nā kūlana hoʻolei.

2.1. Nā mea e pono ai ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻoihana

Ua kapa ʻia ʻo PLA he "compostable," akā pili wale nō kēlā lepili ma lalo o nā kūlana kikoʻī loa i loaʻa i nā hale hana composting ʻoihana. Mālama kēia mau wahi compost nui i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe mau ma waena o 55°C a me 60°C (131–140°F) no nā pule. Mālama pū lākou i ka pae kūpono o ka makū, ka nui o ka oxygen, a me nā piliona o nā microbes composting ikaika. Hoʻohuli mau ʻia ka mea e hui like ai nā mea āpau. Ke kāohi ʻia kēia mau mea āpau hiki i ka PLA ke wāwahi pono i ka wai, ke kalapona ʻokikene, a me nā mea organik. ʻAneʻane ʻaʻole loa e hāʻawi nā pahu compost home a i ʻole ka lepo kūlohelohe i kēia mau kūlana pololei.

2.2. Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka wā e wāwahi ai nā kīʻaha PLA i nā kūlana kūpono

Ke waiho ʻia i loko o kahi hale hana hoʻohuihui ʻoihana i mālama pono ʻia, hoʻomaka pinepine nā kīʻaha PLA e haki i loko o kekahi mau pule. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā huahana PLA i hōʻoia ʻia e hōʻea i ka liʻiliʻi he 90% ka haki ʻana i loko o 90 a 120 mau lā ma lalo o ka wela kūpono, ka makū, a me ka hana microbe. Ma hope o ka palaho piha ʻana, ʻo ka mea i koe he compost waiwai i nā meaʻai e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e ulu i nā mea kanu hou. ʻO kēia kaʻina hana pani-loop—mea kanu i ke kīʻaha a hoʻihoʻi i ka compost i ka lepo—ʻo ia ka ʻōlelo hoʻohiki kaiapuni nui o PLA. Hoʻāʻo nā kūlana hōʻoia e like me ASTM D6400 a i ʻole EN 13432 a hōʻoia i kēia hana ma nā wahi ʻoihana i kāohi ʻia wale nō.

Papa: Ka Manawa Wehewehe PLA ma ke ʻAno Hoʻolei

3. Nā Pilikia o ke Ao Maoli me ka Hoʻolei ʻana o ka PLA

ʻOiai ko lākou palapala hōʻoia hiki ke hoʻohuihui ʻia, ʻaʻole loa e hiki ka hapa nui o nā kīʻaha PLA i nā hale hana hoʻohuihui ʻoihana. Hoʻokumu kēia i kahi hakahaka nui ma waena o ka ʻōlelo hoʻohiki no ke kaiapuni a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kaiapuni.

3.1. No ke aha i pau ai ka hapa nui o nā kīʻaha PLA i nā wahi hoʻolei ʻōpala

He kakaikahi loa nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kaona i loaʻa nā papahana composting ʻoihana e ʻae ana i nā mea PLA. ʻOiai inā hana lākou, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kīʻaha mai ka ʻōpala maʻamau a hoʻouna ʻia i ka hale kūpono. I ka hana maoli, hoʻolei ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i nā kīʻaha PLA i loko o nā ʻōpala maʻamau. Hoʻohuihui nā kaʻa hōʻiliʻili ʻōpala i nā mea āpau, a ʻo nā mīkini hoʻokaʻawale ma nā hale hana hana hou a i ʻole nā ​​​​hale hana ʻōpala ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka PLA mai nā plastik ʻē aʻe. Ma muli o kēia mau pale kūpono, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kīʻaha PLA ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e pau i nā landfills ma kahi o nā hale hana compost, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka lepili.

3.2. No ke aha ʻaʻole hana ka PLA i ka compost home

ʻOi aku ka anuanu o nā puʻu compost home ma mua o nā puʻu ʻoihana, pinepine ma waena o 30°C a me 50°C ma ka maikaʻi loa. Pono ka PLA i ka wela kiʻekiʻe mau ma luna o 55°C e palupalu a ʻae i nā microbes e hoʻouka pono iā ia. Me ka ʻole o kēlā mahana, haki ka mea i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi me ka lohi loa a ʻaʻole loa. Hōʻike ka nui o ka poʻe i ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻāpana PLA i ʻike ʻia i loko o kā lākou compost home ma hope o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha makahiki. Ma nā wahi pā hale, ʻoi aku ka hana o ka PLA e like me ka plastic maʻamau ma mua o nā ʻōpala meaʻai a pepa paha.

3.3. Nā Pōʻino o ka Hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka Methane ma nā Landfills

He ʻeleʻele nā ​​ʻōpala lepo, ua paʻa, a haʻahaʻa ka oxygen. Ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana anaerobic, hoʻokuʻu kekahi mau mea olaola i ke kinoea methane i ko lākou wāwahi mālie ʻana. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka lohi o ka palaho ʻana o ka PLA ma mua o ka ʻōpala meaʻai, hiki nō iā ia ke hana i ka methane i nā makahiki he nui ma kahi ʻōpala lepo. He kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo ikaika ka Methane e hoʻopaʻa pono ana i ka wela ma mua o ke kalapona dioxide i ka wā pōkole. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui mai ka PLA ma mua o nā ʻōpala meaʻai, hoʻohui kēlā me kēia ʻāpana methane i ka loli o ke aniau ke hoʻolei ʻia nā tausani a miliona paha o nā kīʻaha i kēlā me kēia lā.

4. Nā Kīʻaha PLA vs nā Kīʻaha Palakiko Kuʻuna

I mea e hoʻoholo ai inā he aloha maoli ke kaiapuni i nā kīʻaha PLA, he mea nui e hoʻohālikelike iā lākou me nā koho plastik maʻamau ma nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kaiapuni.

4.1. Ka wāwae kalapona a me nā hoʻokuʻu kinoea hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Mai ka manawa i kanu ʻia ai nā mea kanu a hiki i ka hana ʻana o ka resin PLA, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke kaʻina hana ma mua o ka hana ʻana i ka plastic PET mai ka ʻaila. Hōʻike ka nui o nā haʻawina i ka 60-65% haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana no ka hana PLA i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me PET i ka wā e nānā wale ana i ke kahua hana. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole i hoʻohuihui ʻia ke kīʻaha PLA a hele i kahi landfill, hiki ke nalowale kekahi o kēlā mau mālama mua i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa ma muli o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka methane. Ke hana ʻia ka composting piha, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kapuaʻi kalapona ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā kīʻaha plastic hoʻokahi hoʻohana maʻamau. ʻOi aku ka maopopo o ka pōmaikaʻi i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona cradle-to-compost a me cradle-to-landfill.

4.2. Nā Pilikia o ka Hana Hou ʻana a me nā Pōʻino o ka Haumia

Hiki ke hana hou ʻia nā kīʻaha palaki kuʻuna i hana ʻia me PET a i ʻole PP inā hōʻiliʻili ʻokoʻa ʻia. Eia naʻe, ua like ke ʻano o ka PLA akā heheʻe a hana ʻokoʻa i nā mīkini hana hou. Ke hui pū ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o ka PLA i loko o kahi pūʻulu hana hou PET, hiki iā ia ke hōʻino i ka ukana holoʻokoʻa ma ka hana ʻana i nā wahi nāwaliwali a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka palakiko hou. No ka mea, he kakaikahi wale nō nā hale hana hana hou e ʻae i ka PLA, ua manaʻo ʻia nā kīʻaha PLA āpau he mea hiki ʻole ke hana hou ʻia ma ka hana. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka PLA i nā ʻōnaehana hana hou o kēia manawa ma mua o kekahi mau palakiko i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka fossil.

4.3. Nā Kūʻē Kaiapuni: Hoʻohana Wai, Hoʻohana ʻĀina, a me ka Mahiʻai

ʻO ka ulu ʻana i ka kulina a i ʻole ke kō no ka PLA e pono ai ka nui o ka ʻāina mahiʻai, ka wai hoʻoinu wai, a me nā mea hoʻouluulu. Hiki i kēia mau koi mahiʻai ke alakaʻi i ka ʻino ʻana o ka lepo, ka kahe ʻana o nā pesticides i loko o nā muliwai, a me ka hoʻokūkū me nā mea kanu meaʻai ma kekahi mau wahi. Hōʻike nā haʻawina i kekahi manawa hoʻohana ka hana PLA i ka wai a me ka ʻāina ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau plastics fossil. Hāʻawi pū ka kahe ʻana o nā mea hoʻouluulu i ka ulu ʻana o ka limu a me nā wahi make i nā loko a me nā moana. ʻO kēia mau hopena ʻaʻole pololei, ʻoiai e hōʻemi ana ka PLA i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka aila, hoʻololi ia i kekahi kaomi kaiapuni i nā ʻōnaehana mahiʻai a me ka wai maʻemaʻe.

Papa Hoʻohālikelike: Nā Kīʻaha PLA vs Nā Kīʻaha Palakiko Kuʻuna

5. Nā Pōmaikaʻi a me nā Pōʻino o nā Kīʻaha PLA no ka Hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā

Hāʻawi nā kīʻaha PLA i nā pono kūpono a me nā palena koʻikoʻi no nā ʻoihana lawelawe meaʻai a me nā mea kūʻai aku.

5.1. Nā Pōmaikaʻi o nā Kīʻaha PLA ma mua o ka Palakiko Kuʻuna

Hana ʻia nā kīʻaha PLA mai nā mea kanu e ulu hou ana i kēlā me kēia makahiki, no laila ʻaʻole lākou e hilinaʻi i ka unuhi ʻana i nā waihona aila palena ʻole. ʻO kā lākou hana ʻana e hoʻemi i nā hoʻokuʻu kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma mua o nā kīʻaha PET ke ana ʻia mai ka mahiʻai a i ka hale hana. He moakāka ka PLA, ikaika no nā mea inu anu, a ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka meaʻai. Inā hiki nā kīʻaha i kahi composter ʻoihana, lilo lākou i mea hoʻoponopono lepo pono ma kahi o ka noho mau ʻana ma ke ʻano he ʻōpala. No nā ʻoihana a me nā mea kūʻai aku e mahalo ana i ka hoʻemi ʻia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie fossil a loaʻa iā lākou ke komo ʻana i ka composting kūpono, hāʻawi ka PLA i nā pono koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka plastic maʻamau.

5.2. Nā Palena a me nā Pōʻino Kūpono

Hoʻomālielie a hoʻololi ke ʻano o nā kīʻaha PLA i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia ai i nā wai wela ma luna o 60°C, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke paʻa i ke kofe a i ʻole ke kī. ʻOi aku ka palupalu o lākou i nā mahana anuanu loa ma mua o kekahi mau plastik. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ka nele o ka composting ʻoihana ākea, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hapa nui e pau i nā landfills kahi e mau ai no ka manawa lōʻihi a hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i ka methane. Hoʻohana ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu no PLA i ka wai nui, ka ʻāina, a me nā mea hoʻouluulu, e hana ana i nā kumukūʻai kaiapuni ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia mau palena kūpono a me ka ʻōnaehana e pale aku i ka PLA mai ka lilo ʻana i hopena piha i ka ʻōpala plastik hoʻokahi hoʻohana.

Papa maʻalahi no nā pono a me nā pōʻino no ka ʻike wikiwiki:

6. ʻŌlelo Hoʻoholo Hope Loa: He ʻoiaʻiʻo anei ke aloha ʻia e ke kaiapuni nā kīʻaha PLA?

ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa nā kīʻaha PLA—akā, ma lalo o ke kahua kūpono, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻemi i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā plastik maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, me ka ʻole o ke komo ʻana i ka composting ʻoihana a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻolei kūpono, ʻo kā lākou mau pono e mau ana ma ke ʻano he kumumanaʻo.

No nā lama i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kūpaʻa maoli, ʻo ke kī ʻaʻole wale ke koho ʻana i nā huahana "ʻōmaʻomaʻo", akā ʻo ka hui pū ʻana me nā mea kuleananā mea hoʻolako ʻōpala meaʻaika poʻe e hoʻomaopopo ana i ka ʻepekema mea, nā ʻōnaehana ʻōpala, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā lula—a hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ʻōpala kūpono i nā kūlana o ke ao maoli.

7. Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia (FAQ)

7.1 Hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia nā kīʻaha PLA i loko o ka compost home?

ʻAʻole. Pono nā kīʻaha PLA i nā kūlana hoʻopuehu ʻoihana a ʻaʻole e haki i loko o nā ʻōpala compost home a i ʻole nā ​​​​puʻu compost pā hale.

7.2 ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kīʻaha PLA ma mua o nā kīʻaha pepa i uhi ʻia me ka plastik?

Aia nō ia. Hiki i nā kīʻaha PLA ke hāʻawi i nā hoʻokuʻu hana haʻahaʻa, akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻolei ʻana i nā kīʻaha pepa me nā uhi plastik i nā ʻōnaehana ʻōpala e kū nei. ʻAʻole kūpono kekahi o nā koho ʻelua.

7.3 Ke haki nei nā kīʻaha PLA i nā moana a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​hale hoʻolei ʻōpala?

ʻAʻole. ʻAʻole e haki pono nā kīʻaha PLA i nā wahi kai a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​hale hoʻolei ʻōpala a hiki ke mau no nā makahiki.

7.4 ʻEhia ka haʻahaʻa o ke kapuaʻi kalapona o nā kīʻaha PLA?

ʻO ka maʻamau, he haʻahaʻa ka kapuaʻi kalapona o nā kīʻaha PLA i ka wā o ka hana ʻana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā plastik petroleum. Eia nō naʻe, hilinaʻi nui ka hopena holoʻokoʻa i ke ʻano hoʻolei ʻana—ka composting ʻoihana a i ʻole ka landfill.

7.5 Pehea e koho ai nā ʻoihana i nā mea kīʻaha hoʻomau maoli?

Pono nā ʻoihana e noʻonoʻo i ka hana o nā mea, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻolei ʻana, nā palapala hōʻoia, a me ka maopopo o ka mea hoʻolako—ʻaʻole wale nā ​​​​lepili compostable.